{
  "provenance": {
    "source": "Metkagram",
    "source_url": "https://metkagram.github.io",
    "source_repository": "https://github.com/metkagram/metkagram.github.io",
    "creator": "Metkagram",
    "creator_url": "https://github.com/metkagram",
    "maintainer": "Applied Systems Lab at MetalHatsCats",
    "maintainer_url": "https://metalhatscats.com",
    "license": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
    "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
    "attribution_required": true,
    "attribution_text": "Source: Metkagram — https://metkagram.github.io/",
    "attribution_html": "Source: <a href=\"https://metkagram.github.io/\">Metkagram</a>",
    "terms_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/legal/terms/",
    "privacy_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/legal/privacy/",
    "contact_url": "https://metalhatscats.com/contact",
    "collaboration_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/ai/#collaborate",
    "dataset_version": "1.0.0+20260715",
    "release_date": "2026-07-15",
    "canonical_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/explore/german/library/ci3xRyFzeyzAS0TYHcSy/",
    "record_type": "annotated_document",
    "record_id": "ci3xRyFzeyzAS0TYHcSy",
    "content_hash": "86f6344f0f07d73bc1fcb613f13d87f08e169a2111da90c056fad69a00ef6c6d"
  },
  "data": {
    "id": "ci3xRyFzeyzAS0TYHcSy",
    "language": "deGram",
    "hotlist": false,
    "type": "usual",
    "title": "Wie kannst du Negationspartikel wie 'kaum' verwenden, um geringfügige oder zweifelhafte Zustände zu verneinen?",
    "changedOn": "2024-05-17T10:16:49.734Z",
    "isPriority": false,
    "url": "",
    "isInProcess": false,
    "course": "",
    "rank": null,
    "progress": {
      "times": 0,
      "numOfReps": 0
    },
    "comment": "\"Kaum\" wird verwendet, um auszudrücken, dass etwas nur in sehr geringem Maße oder fast gar nicht zutrifft. Es betont geringe oder zweifelhafte Zustände.",
    "refId": "",
    "repeatedOn": "2024-05-17T10:07:51.921Z",
    "user": "VR6BLj6E84W7JFcPkk4oTLS671F3",
    "isReported": false,
    "group": "hzqc4T0MDGx7An7NAANC",
    "annotations": [
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Ich habe kaum geschlafen letzte Nacht.",
        "id": "LIB-26449199-da0c-4d28-81c6-f4d1aac052ac",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Ich ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "habe ",
                  "tag": "ROOT"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "geschlafen ",
                  "tag": "oc"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "letzt",
                  "tag": "ADJA"
                },
                {
                  "text": "e ",
                  "tag": "FEM"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Adj-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "Nacht",
              "tag": "FEM"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "haben — hat — hatte — hat gehabt^schlafen — schläft — schlief — hat geschlafen",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "I hardly slept last night."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Er hat kaum etwas gegessen.",
        "id": "LIB-e524450f-f24a-4bda-8067-4f554143ff2f",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
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            {
              "text": "Er ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "hat ",
                  "tag": "ROOT"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "etwas ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "gegessen",
                  "tag": "oc"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "haben — hat — hatte — hat gehabt",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "He hardly ate anything."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Wir haben kaum Zeit, um das Projekt abzuschließen.",
        "id": "LIB-593f76d6-34b2-4ee3-b37f-76ac6f4b13f8",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Wir ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "haben ",
                  "tag": "VAFIN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Zeit",
              "tag": "FEM"
            },
            {
              "text": ", ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "um ",
              "tag": "KOUI_cp"
            },
            {
              "text": "das ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "text": "Projekt ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "abzuschließen",
                  "tag": "VVIZU"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "haben — hat — hatte — hat gehabt",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "We barely have time to complete the project."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Sie spricht kaum Englisch.",
        "id": "LIB-082a5850-7830-4694-b615-621fed90c5fd",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Sie ",
              "tag": "FEM"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "spricht ",
                  "tag": "VVFIN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Englisch",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "sprechen — spricht — sprach — hat gesprochen^sprechen + mit + DAT^über + AKK^sprechen + mit + DAT^über + AKK^sprechen + mit + DAT^über + AKK^von + DAT",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "She hardly speaks English."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Ich kann dich kaum hören, die Musik ist so laut.",
        "id": "LIB-9c16f5ac-8fee-4216-b753-fb010bb9f692",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
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              "text": "S",
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            },
            {
              "text": "Ich ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "M",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "kann ",
                  "tag": "ROOT"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "dich ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "hören",
                  "tag": "VVINF"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ", ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "die ",
              "tag": "FEM"
            },
            {
              "text": "Musik ",
              "tag": "FEM"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "st",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "ist ",
                  "tag": "cj"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "so ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "laut",
                  "tag": "pd"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "können — kann — konnte — hat gekonnt^hören + von + DAT^hören + von + DAT^sein — ist — war — ist gewesen",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "I can hardly hear you, the music is so loud."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Der Film war so langweilig, ich konnte kaum wach bleiben.",
        "id": "LIB-70fa59ab-9a97-42f4-a50b-0ead97104d12",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Der ",
              "tag": "MASC"
            },
            {
              "text": "Film ",
              "tag": "MASC"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "st",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "war ",
                  "tag": "ROOT"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "so ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "langweilig",
                  "tag": "pd"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ", ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "ich ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "M",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "konnte ",
                  "tag": "cj"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "wach ",
                  "tag": "pd"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "bleiben",
                  "tag": "VVINF"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "sein — ist — war — ist gewesen^können — kann — konnte — hat gekonnt^bleiben — bleibt — blieb — ist geblieben",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "The movie was so boring, I could hardly stay awake."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Es gibt kaum noch Karten für das Konzert.",
        "id": "LIB-d97ad0d3-d1f6-41a9-9e97-e1d5d38d6095",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Es ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "gibt ",
                  "tag": "VVFIN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "noch ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Karten ",
              "tag": "FEM"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "für ",
              "tag": "APPR_mnr"
            },
            {
              "text": "das ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "text": "Konzert",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "$._punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "geben — gibt — gab — hat gegeben^kaum noch Karten",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "There are hardly any tickets left for the concert."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Er hat kaum geantwortet, als ich ihn gefragt habe.",
        "id": "LIB-76e5c0fb-353c-4a74-b273-a8c3e886c495",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Er ",
              "tag": "MASC"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "hat ",
                  "tag": "ROOT"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "geantwortet",
                  "tag": "oc"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ", ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "←...",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": " ",
                  "tag": "X1"
                },
                {
                  "text": "als ",
                  "tag": "HL"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Conj"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "ich ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "ihn ",
              "tag": "MASC"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "gefragt ",
                  "tag": "oc"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "habe",
                  "tag": "mo"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "haben — hat — hatte — hat gehabt^antworten + DAT^antworten + auf + AKK^fragen + nach + DAT^fragen + nach + DAT^haben — hat — hatte — hat gehabt",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "ru": "Он едва ответил, когда я его спросил.",
          "en": "He barely answered when I asked him."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Das neue Medikament hat kaum Nebenwirkungen.",
        "id": "LIB-cbd5f1b3-b110-457e-8027-442d6e22c664",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Das ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "text": "neue ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "text": "Medikament ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "hat ",
                  "tag": "VAFIN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Nebenwirkungen",
              "tag": "FEM"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "haben — hat — hatte — hat gehabt^das neue Medikament",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "The new drug has hardly any side effects."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Wir kennen uns kaum.",
        "id": "LIB-43c05068-86fe-414f-98aa-d86b3d08b93a",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Wir ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "kennen ",
                  "tag": "VVFIN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "uns ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "kennen — kennt — kannte — hat gekannt",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "We hardly know each other."
        }
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Ich habe kaum noch Geld übrig.",
        "id": "LIB-4124b971-2135-49db-ab67-b85f05b6e686",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Ich ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "habe ",
                  "tag": "VAFIN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "kaum ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "noch ",
              "tag": "mo"
            },
            {
              "text": "/→",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "Geld ",
              "tag": "NEUT"
            },
            {
              "text": "übrig",
              "tag": "ADJD_mo"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": ""
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "haben — hat — hatte — hat gehabt",
        "isFavorite": null,
        "translations": {
          "en": "I have hardly any money left."
        }
      }
    ],
    "version": "deGram 1.11, June 2024"
  }
}