{
  "provenance": {
    "source": "Metkagram",
    "source_url": "https://metkagram.github.io",
    "source_repository": "https://github.com/metkagram/metkagram.github.io",
    "creator": "Metkagram",
    "creator_url": "https://github.com/metkagram",
    "maintainer": "Applied Systems Lab at MetalHatsCats",
    "maintainer_url": "https://metalhatscats.com",
    "license": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
    "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
    "attribution_required": true,
    "attribution_text": "Source: Metkagram — https://metkagram.github.io/",
    "attribution_html": "Source: <a href=\"https://metkagram.github.io/\">Metkagram</a>",
    "terms_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/legal/terms/",
    "privacy_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/legal/privacy/",
    "contact_url": "https://metalhatscats.com/contact",
    "collaboration_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/ai/#collaborate",
    "dataset_version": "1.0.0+20260715",
    "release_date": "2026-07-15",
    "canonical_url": "https://metkagram.github.io/en/explore/english/library/UMee5f9H9YMKzv9RKG7y/",
    "record_type": "annotated_document",
    "record_id": "UMee5f9H9YMKzv9RKG7y",
    "content_hash": "9a3ebadb03f7eadd9d54ed509c012aae39f880a98f617cecda5642c2ee85db79"
  },
  "data": {
    "id": "UMee5f9H9YMKzv9RKG7y",
    "language": "enGram",
    "hotlist": false,
    "type": "usual",
    "title": "Form the Past Perfect Tense",
    "changedOn": "2024-05-22T19:28:59.795Z",
    "isPriority": false,
    "url": "",
    "isInProcess": false,
    "course": "",
    "rank": null,
    "progress": {
      "times": 0,
      "numOfReps": 0
    },
    "comment": "The past perfect tense is formed with \"had\" + the past participle of the verb. For example, \"She had finished her homework before dinner\" means she completed her homework before having dinner.",
    "refId": "",
    "repeatedOn": "2024-05-22T18:52:50.550Z",
    "user": "VR6BLj6E84W7JFcPkk4oTLS671F3",
    "isReported": false,
    "group": "0GmSJFRrWrSqi4A6yCOH",
    "version": "enGram 3.4, Jan 2024",
    "annotations": [
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "I had finished my work before they arrived.",
        "id": "LIB-122e69e2-4777-4ed4-b283-34ef68c00c0f",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
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              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "I ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
                  "tag": "aux"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "finished ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "my ",
              "tag": "poss"
            },
            {
              "text": "work ",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "before ",
              "tag": "mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "they ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "arrived",
                  "tag": "advcl"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "They had left the party when we got there.",
        "id": "LIB-56f250cb-50ee-4bec-862f-43e4a40a5c5a",
        "text_span": {
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            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "They ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
                  "tag": "aux"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "left ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "the ",
              "tag": "det"
            },
            {
              "text": "party ",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "when ",
              "tag": "advmod"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "we ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "got ",
                  "tag": "advcl"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "there",
              "tag": "advmod"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "leave — left  — left^get — got  — gotten",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "She had already eaten when I called her.",
        "id": "LIB-da9a0bd3-7e70-47b6-a673-17b6fb9fe0fd",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "She ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
                  "tag": "aux"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "already ",
              "tag": "advmod"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "eaten ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "when ",
              "tag": "advmod"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "I ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "called ",
                  "tag": "advcl"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "her",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "eat — ate  — eaten",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Had you ever visited Paris before your trip last year?",
        "id": "LIB-9b8b7c86-27c5-4fe8-9688-59454a0d4208",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
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              "children": [
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                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "Had ",
                  "tag": "aux"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "you ",
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            },
            {
              "text": "ever ",
              "tag": "RB"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "visited ",
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              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "Paris ",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "before ",
              "tag": "prep"
            },
            {
              "text": "your ",
              "tag": "poss"
            },
            {
              "text": "trip ",
              "tag": "pobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "last ",
              "tag": "amod"
            },
            {
              "text": "year",
              "tag": "npadvmod"
            },
            {
              "text": "?",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
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        "original_text": "He had never seen the ocean until he went to the beach.",
        "id": "LIB-bde1da93-44ee-4ab9-b47d-44f05c92d267",
        "text_span": {
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            {
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                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
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                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "never ",
              "tag": "Neg"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "seen ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "the ",
              "tag": "det"
            },
            {
              "text": "ocean ",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "until ",
              "tag": "mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "he ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "went ",
                  "tag": "advcl"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "to ",
              "tag": "prep"
            },
            {
              "text": "the ",
              "tag": "det"
            },
            {
              "text": "beach",
              "tag": "pobj"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "see — saw  — seen^go — went  — gone",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
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        "original_text": "We had planned to go hiking, but it started to rain.",
        "id": "LIB-e07ac6e7-b1ff-4158-a493-444dd5c541ff",
        "text_span": {
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            {
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
                  "tag": "aux"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "planned ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "vI",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "to ",
                  "tag": "TO"
                },
                {
                  "text": "go ",
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                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "pA",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "hiking",
                  "tag": "dobj"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ", ",
              "tag": ""
            },
            {
              "text": "but ",
              "tag": "cc"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "it ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "started ",
                  "tag": "conj"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "text": "vI",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "to ",
                  "tag": "TO"
                },
                {
                  "text": "rain",
                  "tag": "VB"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "go — went  — gone",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "They had saved enough money before buying the house.",
        "id": "LIB-d11e8eda-f50d-47df-a456-a537dfb31407",
        "text_span": {
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            {
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            {
              "text": "They ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                {
                  "text": "had ",
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                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "saved ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "enough ",
              "tag": "amod"
            },
            {
              "text": "money ",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "before ",
              "tag": "prep"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Pres",
                  "text": "pA",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "buying ",
                  "tag": "VBG"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "the ",
              "tag": "det"
            },
            {
              "text": "house",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
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          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "buy — bought  — bought",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "She had written three books by the time she was 30.",
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        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
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            {
              "text": "She ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "Hr",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
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              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "written ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "three ",
              "tag": "nummod"
            },
            {
              "text": "books ",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "by ",
              "tag": "prep"
            },
            {
              "text": "the ",
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            {
              "text": "time ",
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            },
            {
              "text": "S",
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            {
              "text": "she ",
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            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "was ",
                  "tag": "relcl"
                }
              ],
              "text": " ",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "30",
              "tag": "acomp"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "write — wrote  — written",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
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        "original_text": "I had never eaten sushi until I moved to Japan.",
        "id": "LIB-10347ae8-17d8-4ca1-92ac-a500a3058b70",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
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            {
              "text": "I ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
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              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
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            {
              "text": "never ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "eaten ",
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              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "sushi ",
              "tag": "dobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "until ",
              "tag": "mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "I ",
              "tag": "PRP_nsubj"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "V",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "moved ",
                  "tag": "advcl"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "to ",
              "tag": "prep"
            },
            {
              "text": "Japan",
              "tag": "pobj"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "eat — ate  — eaten",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "Had they already left when you arrived?",
        "id": "LIB-d83a7e1c-92c5-4fa5-a4de-f3ebc9fe812a",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "children": [
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                },
                {
                  "text": "Had ",
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                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
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            {
              "text": "S",
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            {
              "text": "they ",
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            {
              "text": "already ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "left ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
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              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
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            {
              "text": "when ",
              "tag": "advmod"
            },
            {
              "text": "S",
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            },
            {
              "text": "you ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
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                },
                {
                  "text": "arrived",
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                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "?",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "leave — left  — left",
        "isFavorite": null
      },
      {
        "translated_text": "",
        "userWords": "",
        "original_text": "We had practiced for weeks before the concert.",
        "id": "LIB-5cb71a6f-0758-4546-a06b-3599162a0dd4",
        "text_span": {
          "children": [
            {
              "text": "S",
              "tag": "tag"
            },
            {
              "text": "We ",
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            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "Hr",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "had ",
                  "tag": "aux"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "children": [
                {
                  "extra": "Past",
                  "text": "v2",
                  "tag": "tag"
                },
                {
                  "text": "practiced ",
                  "tag": "VBN"
                }
              ],
              "text": "",
              "tag": "Verb-Mark"
            },
            {
              "text": "for ",
              "tag": "prep"
            },
            {
              "text": "weeks ",
              "tag": "pobj"
            },
            {
              "text": "before ",
              "tag": "prep"
            },
            {
              "text": "the ",
              "tag": "det"
            },
            {
              "text": "concert",
              "tag": "pobj"
            },
            {
              "text": ".",
              "tag": "punct"
            }
          ],
          "text": "",
          "tag": "Sentence"
        },
        "chunkList": "",
        "isFavorite": null
      }
    ]
  }
}