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Annotation rules

See grammar roles without losing the sentence.

S

Subject

The main actor or receiver in the sentence.

S*

Subject, emphasized

A subject highlighted in a trainer prompt.

st

State

A condition or state.

st*

Passive state

A state used in passive constructions.

v2

Second verb

A secondary verb paired with a helper.

p2

Predicate

Predicate detail connected to the subject.

vI

Infinitive

A verb in infinitive form.

vP

Participle

A participle used in a compound tense.

Vp

Participle, alternate

Alternate participle notation.

Hr

Result helper

A helper showing a completed result.

Hst

State helper

A helper emphasizing an ongoing state.

pA

Placeholder A

A structural placeholder in a rule.

pS

Placeholder S

A secondary structural placeholder.

Hf

Future helper

A helper projecting action into the future.

V

Main verb

The primary action or state.