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B2–C1 · Relative and participial clauses · 8 patterns

Relative and participial clauses

Add precise information without losing the main clause.

01 · How to use this set

Start from the communication job

Add precise information without losing the main clause.

Read the frame, try to complete your own sentence before opening an example, then compare the English structure with its German parallel. The point is retrieval and choice, not passive list reading.

02 · Representative patterns

Start with these reusable frames

A compact sample from the 8 patterns in this study set.

01The report, which was revised yesterday, now needs approval [X]The report, which was revised yesterday, now needs approval in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Der Bericht, der gestern überarbeitet wurde, benötigt nun eine Genehmigung [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]02People working on the pilot need clear guidance [X]People working on the pilot need clear guidance in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Die Personen, die am Pilotprojekt arbeiten, brauchen klare Orientierung [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]03The concerns raised by the reviewers were addressed [X]The concerns raised by the reviewers were addressed in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Die von den Gutachtern geäußerten Bedenken wurden berücksichtigt [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]04The colleague whose proposal we adopted will lead the next phase [X]The colleague whose proposal we adopted will lead the next phase in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Die Kollegin, deren Vorschlag wir übernommen haben, wird die nächste Phase leiten [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]05This is the principle by which we assess the options [X]This is the principle by which we assess the options in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Dies ist der Grundsatz, nach dem wir die Optionen bewerten [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]06The team found a solution that could be implemented quickly [X]The team found a solution that could be implemented quickly in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Das Team fand eine Lösung, die schnell umgesetzt werden konnte [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]

03 · Complete set

Browse every pattern

The canonical list follows below. Every pattern has a stable ID and its own page for examples, translation, and reuse.

01The report, which was revised yesterday, now needs approval [X]GRMREL001 · The report, which was revised yesterday, now needs approval [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Der Bericht, der gestern überarbeitet wurde, benötigt nun eine Genehmigung [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]02People working on the pilot need clear guidance [X]GRMREL006 · People working on the pilot need clear guidance [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Die Personen, die am Pilotprojekt arbeiten, brauchen klare Orientierung [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]03The concerns raised by the reviewers were addressed [X]GRMREL011 · The concerns raised by the reviewers were addressed [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Die von den Gutachtern geäußerten Bedenken wurden berücksichtigt [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]04The colleague whose proposal we adopted will lead the next phase [X]GRMREL016 · The colleague whose proposal we adopted will lead the next phase [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Die Kollegin, deren Vorschlag wir übernommen haben, wird die nächste Phase leiten [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]05This is the principle by which we assess the options [X]GRMREL021 · This is the principle by which we assess the options [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Dies ist der Grundsatz, nach dem wir die Optionen bewerten [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]06The team found a solution that could be implemented quickly [X]GRMREL026 · The team found a solution that could be implemented quickly [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Das Team fand eine Lösung, die schnell umgesetzt werden konnte [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]07Having been [X], [Y] [Z]GRMREL031 · Having been [past participle], [subject] [past-tense result]. / Nachdem [X] [Partizip II] worden war/waren, [Y].08The document contains a section outlining the main risks [X]GRMREL036 · The document contains a section outlining the main risks [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Das Dokument enthält einen Abschnitt, der die Hauptrisiken darlegt [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]

04 · Continue

Grammar in use

A useful next step from the same learning path.

01Prepositions and governed complementsUse the complements that verbs, nouns and adjectives require.02Word order and verb positionControl sentence structure across statements, questions and clauses.03Cases and nominal agreementKeep roles and agreement clear inside the noun phrase.04Adjectives and comparisonDescribe, compare and qualify with accurate noun phrases.

Continue learning

Choose the next useful route.

Pattern PracticeFind a pattern you can reuseContinue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.Pattern AtlasThe report, which was revised yesterday, now needs approval [X]Continue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.Pattern AtlasPeople working on the pilot need clear guidance [X]Continue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.