Metkagram
EN RU

B2–C1 · GFG · GFG007

Main clause naming a future time, by which time + subject + will have + participle

Explanation

A reusable frame from “Relative and nominal clauses”. Compare how English and German express relative and nominal clauses. Practise reusable constructions with Russian translations.

Structure

EN · EnglishMain clause naming a future time, by which time + subject + will have + participle
DE · GermanMain clause naming time; bis dahin + Perfekt expressing future completion

Anchor phrase

RU · Translation

Проверка заканчивается в июне; к тому времени мы соберём достаточно данных.

EN · English

The review ends in June, by which time we will have collected enough data.

DE · German

Die Prüfung endet im Juni; bis dahin haben wir genug Daten gesammelt.

Try variations2 · more examples

  1. RU · Translation

    Она возвращается в пятницу; к тому времени я подготовлю комнату.

    EN · English

    She returns on Friday, by which time I will have prepared the room.

    DE · German

    Sie kommt am Freitag zurück; bis dahin habe ich das Zimmer vorbereitet.

  2. RU · Translation

    Двери откроются в девять; к тому времени сотрудники проверят все сканеры билетов.

    EN · English

    The doors open at nine, by which time the staff will have checked every ticket scanner.

    DE · German

    Die Türen öffnen um neun; bis dahin hat das Personal alle Ticketscanner geprüft.

Pattern graph

Continue with nearby patterns

GFG003Thing noun + preposition + which + relative clause + main continuationGFGGFG018The way in which + subject + verb + main predicateGFGGFG001Main clause + noun + whose + noun phrase + predicateGFGGFG010Main verb + whatever + subject + subordinate verbGFG