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B2–C1 · SUB · 40 patterns

Subordinate and complement clauses

Build multi-clause reasoning with clear dependencies.

01 · How to use this set

Start from the communication job

Build multi-clause reasoning with clear dependencies.

Read the frame, try to complete your own sentence before opening an example, then compare the English structure with its German parallel. The point is retrieval and choice, not passive list reading.

02 · Representative patterns

Start with these reusable frames

A compact sample from the 40 patterns in this study set.

01Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the team was reviewing the new policy]Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]02Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the partners needed a clear decision]Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent in a situation where the partners needed a clear decision. · German parallel: Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]03Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the pilot was entering its final phase]Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent in a situation where the pilot was entering its final phase. · German parallel: Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]04Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the available evidence was still incomplete]Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent in a situation where the available evidence was still incomplete. · German parallel: Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]05Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the timetable had changed at short notice]Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent in a situation where the timetable had changed at short notice. · German parallel: Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]06Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the team was reviewing the new policy]Once the review has finished, we can publish the results in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · German parallel: Nachdem die Prüfung abgeschlossen ist, können wir die Ergebnisse veröffentlichen [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]

03 · Complete set

Browse every pattern

The canonical list follows below. Every pattern has a stable ID and its own page for examples, translation, and reuse.

01Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB001 · Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]02Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB002 · Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the partners needed a clear decision] / Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]03Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB003 · Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]04Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB004 · Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]05Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB005 · Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]06Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB006 · Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Nachdem die Prüfung abgeschlossen ist, können wir die Ergebnisse veröffentlichen [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]07Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB007 · Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the partners needed a clear decision] / Nachdem die Prüfung abgeschlossen ist, können wir die Ergebnisse veröffentlichen [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]08Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB008 · Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Nachdem die Prüfung abgeschlossen ist, können wir die Ergebnisse veröffentlichen [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]09Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB009 · Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Nachdem die Prüfung abgeschlossen ist, können wir die Ergebnisse veröffentlichen [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]10Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB010 · Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Nachdem die Prüfung abgeschlossen ist, können wir die Ergebnisse veröffentlichen [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]11The question is whether the change will last [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB011 · The question is whether the change will last [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Die Frage ist, ob die Änderung Bestand haben wird [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]12The question is whether the change will last [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB012 · The question is whether the change will last [the partners needed a clear decision] / Die Frage ist, ob die Änderung Bestand haben wird [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]13The question is whether the change will last [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB013 · The question is whether the change will last [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Die Frage ist, ob die Änderung Bestand haben wird [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]14The question is whether the change will last [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB014 · The question is whether the change will last [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Die Frage ist, ob die Änderung Bestand haben wird [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]15The question is whether the change will last [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB015 · The question is whether the change will last [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Die Frage ist, ob die Änderung Bestand haben wird [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]16What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB016 · What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Entscheidend ist, dass alle den Grund verstehen [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]17What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB017 · What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the partners needed a clear decision] / Entscheidend ist, dass alle den Grund verstehen [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]18What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB018 · What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Entscheidend ist, dass alle den Grund verstehen [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]19What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB019 · What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Entscheidend ist, dass alle den Grund verstehen [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]20What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB020 · What matters is that everyone understands the reason [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Entscheidend ist, dass alle den Grund verstehen [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]21Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB021 · Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Während die erste Option Zeit spart, verringert die zweite das Risiko [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]22Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB022 · Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the partners needed a clear decision] / Während die erste Option Zeit spart, verringert die zweite das Risiko [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]23Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB023 · Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Während die erste Option Zeit spart, verringert die zweite das Risiko [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]24Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB024 · Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Während die erste Option Zeit spart, verringert die zweite das Risiko [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]25Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB025 · Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Während die erste Option Zeit spart, verringert die zweite das Risiko [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]26The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB026 · The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Das Team handelte, als ob der Termin feststünde [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]27The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB027 · The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the partners needed a clear decision] / Das Team handelte, als ob der Termin feststünde [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]28The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB028 · The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Das Team handelte, als ob der Termin feststünde [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]29The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB029 · The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Das Team handelte, als ob der Termin feststünde [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]30The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB030 · The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Das Team handelte, als ob der Termin feststünde [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]31Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB031 · Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Vorausgesetzt, dass die Daten sicher bleiben, kann das Pilotprojekt fortgesetzt werden [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]32Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB032 · Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the partners needed a clear decision] / Vorausgesetzt, dass die Daten sicher bleiben, kann das Pilotprojekt fortgesetzt werden [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]33Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB033 · Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Vorausgesetzt, dass die Daten sicher bleiben, kann das Pilotprojekt fortgesetzt werden [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]34Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB034 · Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Vorausgesetzt, dass die Daten sicher bleiben, kann das Pilotprojekt fortgesetzt werden [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]35Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB035 · Provided that the data remain secure, the pilot may continue [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Vorausgesetzt, dass die Daten sicher bleiben, kann das Pilotprojekt fortgesetzt werden [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]36The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the team was reviewing the new policy]GRMSUB036 · The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the team was reviewing the new policy] / Das Ergebnis hängt davon ab, wie die Belege ausgelegt werden [das Team die neue Regelung prüfte]37The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the partners needed a clear decision]GRMSUB037 · The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the partners needed a clear decision] / Das Ergebnis hängt davon ab, wie die Belege ausgelegt werden [die Partner eine klare Entscheidung brauchten]38The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the pilot was entering its final phase]GRMSUB038 · The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the pilot was entering its final phase] / Das Ergebnis hängt davon ab, wie die Belege ausgelegt werden [das Pilotprojekt in seine letzte Phase ging]39The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the available evidence was still incomplete]GRMSUB039 · The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the available evidence was still incomplete] / Das Ergebnis hängt davon ab, wie die Belege ausgelegt werden [die verfügbaren Belege noch unvollständig waren]40The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the timetable had changed at short notice]GRMSUB040 · The result depends on how the evidence is interpreted [the timetable had changed at short notice] / Das Ergebnis hängt davon ab, wie die Belege ausgelegt werden [der Zeitplan kurzfristig geändert worden war]

04 · Continue

Grammar in use

A useful next step from the same learning path.

01Focus, inversion and emphasisBring the key part of a message into focus.02Relative and participial clausesAdd precise information without losing the main clause.03Prepositions and governed complementsUse the complements that verbs, nouns and adjectives require.04Word order and verb positionControl sentence structure across statements, questions and clauses.