B2–C1 · GFA · GFA015

Subject + had not + perception participle + embedded clause + until + past clause

Explanation

A reusable frame from “Time and aspect”. Compare how English and German express time and aspect. Practise reusable constructions with Russian translations.

Structure

EN · EnglishSubject + had not + perception participle + embedded clause + until + past clause

DE · GermanSubject + past verb + erst, als + past clause

Anchor phrase

RU · Translation

Я понял, как поздно, только когда посмотрел на телефон.

EN · English

I hadn't realised how late it was until I checked my phone.

DE · German

Ich merkte erst, wie spät es war, als ich auf mein Handy schaute.

Try variations2 · more examples

RU · Translation
Она заметила ошибку только после того, как мы на неё указали.
EN · English
She hadn't noticed the error until we pointed it out.
DE · German
Sie bemerkte den Fehler erst, als wir sie darauf hinwiesen.
RU · Translation
Мы поняли риск только тогда, когда система отказала.
EN · English
We hadn't understood the risk until the system failed.
DE · German
Wir verstanden das Risiko erst, als das System ausfiel.

Pattern graph

Continue with nearby patterns

GFA012Subject + have/has not + past participle + since + past clauseGFA GFA007Subject + had been going to + infinitive, but + past clauseGFA GFA019Subject + had already + past participle + by the time + past clauseGFA GFA002It was the first time + subject + had + past participleGFA

03Try variations2 · more examples

Continue with nearby patterns

Try variations2 · more examples