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B2–C1 · 30 patterns

Advanced English connectors and complex sentence patterns

Connect ideas through concession, cause, contrast, sequence, and dependency while keeping the logic of a longer sentence visible.

01 · Use it when you need to

Communication goals

  1. 01

    connect two ideas without a generic linking word

  2. 02

    build a multi-clause explanation

  3. 03

    signal contrast, concession, or consequence

02 · Study sets

Study the topic from these validated sets

01Advanced connectorsCreate coherent, well-signposted discourse. · LNK02Subordinate and complement clausesBuild multi-clause reasoning with clear dependencies. · SUB03Cause, effect, and consequenceExplain how one development leads to another. · CAU

03 · Pattern examples

Start with a reusable structure

This is an editorial sample. The linked study sets contain the complete topic collection.

01so as not to + VI prepared in advance so as not to waste time during the meeting. · DE: Ich habe mich im Voraus vorbereitet, um keine Zeit im Meeting zu verlieren.02in order to + VWe chose this tool in order to save time. · DE: Wir haben dieses Tool gewählt, um Zeit zu sparen.03so that + subject + could/would + VI did it so that we could avoid mistakes. · DE: Ich habe es gemacht, damit wir Fehler vermeiden können.04for + noun / V-ingThis tool is used for analyzing data. · DE: Dieses Tool wird zum Analysieren von Daten verwendet.05with the aim of + V-ingWe introduced this policy with the aim of reducing errors. · DE: Wir haben diese Richtlinie mit dem Ziel eingeführt, Fehler zu reduzieren.06due to / because of + nounThe meeting was canceled due to unforeseen issues. · DE: Das Meeting wurde wegen unvorhergesehener Probleme abgesagt.07As soon as + subject + verb, subject + will + verbAs soon as we finish, we’ll send it to you. · DE: Sobald wir fertig sind, werden wir es dir schicken.08Hardly + had + subject + Past Participle when + subject + verbHardly had we started when the client called. · DE: Kaum hatten wir begonnen, als der Kunde anrief.09No sooner + had + subject + Past Participle than + subject + verbNo sooner had I arrived than the meeting began. · DE: Kaum war ich angekommen, da begann das Meeting.10Once + subject + present simple, subject + will + verbOnce we finish this phase, we will move to the next one. · DE: Sobald wir diese Phase beenden, werden wir zur nächsten übergehen.11because + subject + verbI stayed late because I had to finish the report. · DE: Ich bin länger geblieben, weil ich den Bericht fertigstellen musste.12to + verbI called to clarify the details. · DE: Ich habe angerufen, um die Details zu klären.13since / as + subject + verbSince it’s raining, we’ll stay inside. · DE: Da es regnet, bleiben wir drinnen.14while + subject + verbWhile I was working, she was preparing dinner. · DE: Während ich gearbeitet habe, hat sie das Abendessen vorbereitet.15before + subject + verbCheck everything before you submit the report. · DE: Überprüfe alles, bevor du den Bericht abschickst.16after + subject + verbWe will review the results after we receive all data. · DE: Wir werden die Ergebnisse überprüfen, nachdem wir alle Daten erhalten haben.17to / in order to + verbWe simplified the process to save time. · DE: Wir haben den Prozess vereinfacht, um Zeit zu sparen.18Even so, [X]; in the wider context, [Y]The pilot exceeded its budget by eight percent. Even so, it produced reusable infrastructure; in the wider context, the overrun bought capabilities the next project will not need to fund again. · DE: Das Pilotprojekt überschritt sein Budget um acht Prozent. Trotzdem entstand wiederverwendbare Infrastruktur; im größeren Zusammenhang finanzierte die Überschreitung Fähigkeiten, für die das nächste Projekt nicht noch einmal zahlen muss.19Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent [X]Although the evidence is limited, the trend is consistent in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · DE: Obwohl die Belege begrenzt sind, ist der Trend eindeutig in einem Zusammenhang, in dem das Team die neue Regelung prüfte.20Once the review has finished, we can publish the results [X]Once the review has finished, we can publish the results in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · DE: Nachdem die Prüfung abgeschlossen ist, können wir die Ergebnisse veröffentlichen in einem Zusammenhang, in dem das Team die neue Regelung prüfte.21The question is whether the change will last [X]The question is whether the change will last in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · DE: Die Frage ist, ob die Änderung Bestand haben wird in einem Zusammenhang, in dem das Team die neue Regelung prüfte.22What matters is that everyone understands the reason [X]What matters is that everyone understands the reason in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · DE: Entscheidend ist, dass alle den Grund verstehen in einem Zusammenhang, in dem das Team die neue Regelung prüfte.23Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk [X]Whereas the first option saves time, the second reduces risk in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · DE: Während die erste Option Zeit spart, verringert die zweite das Risiko in einem Zusammenhang, in dem das Team die neue Regelung prüfte.24The team acted as if the deadline were fixed [X]The team acted as if the deadline were fixed in a situation where the team was reviewing the new policy. · DE: Das Team handelte, als ob der Termin feststünde in einem Zusammenhang, in dem das Team die neue Regelung prüfte.

04 · Related paths

Continue by communication goal

01Argumentation and evidenceBuild claims, connect them to evidence, and explain causes and consequences with reusable B2–C1 sentence patterns.02Emphasis, inversion, and word orderMove the important part of a message into focus and inspect how word order changes across advanced English and German structures.03Reported speech and attributionReport what someone said, separate a source from your own position, and preserve the strength of the original claim.

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Pattern PracticeFind a pattern you can reuseContinue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.Pattern AtlasB2–C1 Pattern Atlas for advanced English and GermanContinue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.Pattern PracticeAdvanced connectorsContinue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.