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B2–C1 · Modals · 6 patterns

Modality and obligation

Express necessity, permission, and recommendation.

01 · How to use this set

Start from the communication job

Express necessity, permission, and recommendation.

Read the frame, try to complete your own sentence before opening an example, then compare the English structure with its German parallel. The point is retrieval and choice, not passive list reading.

02 · Representative patterns

Start with these reusable frames

A compact sample from the 6 patterns in this study set.

01must have + Past ParticipleYou must have seen this document already. · German parallel: müssen + Partizip II + haben02might have + Past ParticipleWe might have misunderstood the task. · German parallel: könnten + Partizip II + haben03should have + Past ParticipleYou should’ve informed me earlier. · German parallel: hättest + Partizip II + sollen04could have + Past ParticipleI could have made the report more detailed. · German parallel: hätte + Partizip II + können05may / might + VYou may leave early today if your tasks are done. · German parallel: dürfen + Infinitiv / vielleicht + Verb06For [X] to succeed, [Y] needs to [Z]For the migration to succeed, each source-system owner needs to sign off the mapping before the final load. · German parallel: Damit [X] gelingt, muss [Y] [Z].

03 · Complete set

Browse every pattern

The canonical list follows below. Every pattern has a stable ID and its own page for examples, translation, and reuse.

01must have + Past ParticipleMOD001 · must have + Past Participle / müssen + Partizip II + haben02might have + Past ParticipleMOD002 · might have + Past Participle / könnten + Partizip II + haben03should have + Past ParticipleMOD003 · should have + Past Participle / hättest + Partizip II + sollen04could have + Past ParticipleMOD004 · could have + Past Participle / hätte + Partizip II + können05may / might + VMOD005 · may / might + V / dürfen + Infinitiv / vielleicht + Verb06For [X] to succeed, [Y] needs to [Z]C1MOD001 · For [X] to succeed, [Y] needs to [Z]. / Damit [X] gelingt, muss [Y] [Z].

04 · Continue

C1 Control

A useful next step from the same learning path.

01Passive and impersonal styleUse formal, process-focused language.02Reported speech and attributionReport what people said with accuracy.03Tense and aspectPosition actions in time and show duration or completion.04Questions, negatives, and referenceAsk precise questions and manage reference.

Continue learning

Choose the next useful route.

Pattern PracticeFind a pattern you can reuseContinue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.Pattern AtlasFor [X] to succeed, [Y] needs to [Z]Continue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.Pattern PracticePassive and impersonal styleContinue through a canonical Metkagram learning surface already linked from this page.